IMPROVED TYPE SYSTEM.

Through the use of classes, user-defined types may be created, and if properly defined, C++ will behave as if they are one of the built-in types: int, char, float, and double. It is possible to define a Vector type and perform operations such as addition and multiplication just as easily as is done with ints:

// Define some arrays of doubles
double a[3] = { 11, 12, 13 };
double b[3] = { 21, 22, 23 };

// Initialize vectors from the
// double arrays
Vector v1 = a;
Vector v2 = b;

// Add the two matrices.
Vector v3 = v1 + v2;

The Vector class has been defined with all of the appropriate arithmetic operations so that it can be treated as a built-in type. It is even possible to define conversion operators so that we can convert the Vector to a double, we get the magnitude, or norm, of the Vector:

double norm = (double) v3;